S42.213

Clinical Causes: Falls, especially in older adults or those with osteoporosis Direct trauma or blow to the shoulder Motor vehicle accidents Sports injuries involving falls or direct impact Lifting heavy objects improperly or with excessive force

Key Symptoms: Severe shoulder pain and tenderness Swelling and bruising around the shoulder Inability to move the arm or significant weakness Deformity or an abnormal position of the shoulder or arm Numbness or tingling if nerves are affected Visible shortening or rotation of the arm

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis usually begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination, focusing on the severity of pain and the extent of functional loss. Imaging tests are essential for confirming the diagnosis and determining the fracture's displacement. These include: - X-ray images of the shoulder and upper arm from multiple angles - Advanced imaging like CT scans if necessary to evaluate complex fractures The healthcare provider assesses the movement, deformity, and neurovascular status of the arm to plan appropriate treatment.

Treatment Protocols: Management of a displaced fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus typically involves several steps, depending on the severity and displacement of the fracture: - **Immobilization**: Using slings or braces to keep the arm in place and reduce movement - **Pain management**: Utilizing medications or ice to alleviate discomfort - **Reduction**: In cases where the bone fragments are misaligned, a procedure called reduction may be performed to realign the bones mechanically or surgically. - **Surgical intervention**: Most displaced fractures require surgery, such as open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with pins, screws, or plates to stabilize the bones - **Rehabilitation**: Physical therapy to restore shoulder movement, strength, and function after initial healing Healing process can take several weeks to months, and follow-up imaging ensures proper alignment and healing progression.