H16.10

Clinical Causes: Exposure to environmental irritants like wind, dust, or smoke Eye fatigue or strain from prolonged screen time Viral infections such as herpes simplex virus Bacterial or fungal infections Allergic reactions to pollen, dust, or pet dander Use of contact lenses, especially if not properly cleaned or worn for extended periods Trauma or injury to the eye surface Dry eye syndrome Exposure to chemical irritants

Key Symptoms: Redness of the eye, especially on the surface Sensation of grit, foreign body, or dryness Mild to moderate eye discomfort or irritation Watery eyes or tearing Sensitivity to light (photophobia) Blurred vision or slight decrease in visual clarity Crusty or mucous discharge around the eye Eyelid swelling in some cases

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of superficial keratitis involves a comprehensive eye examination by an eye care professional. The clinician will assess the eye's surface using special magnification tools, look for signs of inflammation or damage, and evaluate symptoms. Additional tests such as fluorescein staining—a dye that highlights corneal surface problems—and slit-lamp examination help to visualize superficial damage or inflammation. The healthcare provider may also inquire about recent activities, exposure to irritants, or infections to identify potential causes.

Treatment Protocols: Use of artificial tears or lubricating eye drops to soothe dryness and aid healing Avoiding eye irritants and environmental factors that worsen symptoms Applying cold compresses to reduce inflammation and discomfort Discontinuing contact lens wear until symptoms resolve Following prescribed medications such as antibiotic or antiviral eye drops if an infection is suspected Treating allergic reactions with antihistamine or anti-allergy eye drops In severe cases, topical corticosteroids may be used under medical supervision Addressing underlying conditions like dry eye syndrome with specialized treatments