S02.402

Clinical Causes: Trauma from falls or accidental trips Sports injuries involving blows to the face Car accidents causing facial impact Physical altercations or assaults Industrial or workplace accidents involving facial trauma

Key Symptoms: Facial swelling, especially around the cheek and eye area Pain or tenderness in the cheek or around the eye Bruising beneath the eyes or on the face Sunken appearance of the affected cheek Limited or painful movement of the jaw or mouth Numbness or tingling in the face Double vision or visual disturbances if the eye socket is involved Mobility issues or misalignment of facial bones

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing a zygomatic fracture typically involves a detailed physical examination of the face and head, assessing swelling, deformity, and eye function. Imaging tests are crucial for confirming the diagnosis and determining the fracture's extent. These include: - **X-rays** of the facial bones to identify breaks and displacements. - **CT scans (Computed Tomography)** provide detailed images of the facial structures, helping to reveal complex fractures and involvement of adjacent bones. Ophthalmologic evaluation may also be performed if there are any visual or eye-related symptoms, to assess for potential eye socket damage or injury.

Treatment Protocols: Management of a zygomatic fracture depends on the severity and displacement of the bone. Treatment options include: - **Conservative management**, such as analgesics for pain relief, swelling reduction with ice packs, and advising rest. - **Closed reduction**, where the bones are repositioned without surgery, often performed under local anesthesia. - **Surgical intervention** may be necessary for displaced or complex fractures to realign bones properly. Procedures involve internal fixation using plates, screws, or wires to stabilize the bones. - **Post-treatment care** involves follow-up imaging to ensure proper healing, managing swelling and pain, and sometimes facial therapy or rehabilitation. In cases where the eye socket or surrounding structures are affected, multidisciplinary care involving ophthalmologists or maxillofacial surgeons may be required to restore function and appearance.