P92.01

Clinical Causes: Intestinal obstruction, such as malrotation or volvulus Meconium ileus or other forms of intestinal blockage Hirschsprung's disease Infections affecting the gastrointestinal system Congenital abnormalities involving the bile ducts or intestines Intussusception (telescoping of the intestine)

Key Symptoms: Persistent greenish-yellow vomit Abdominal swelling or distension Refusal to feed or reluctance to eat Lethargy or decreased responsiveness Signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth, sunken eyes, or decreased urine output Possible fever in cases of infection

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing bilious vomiting involves a thorough clinical assessment by a healthcare professional, including a detailed medical history and physical examination. To identify underlying causes, diagnostic tests may include: - Abdominal ultrasound or X-ray to visualize blockages or malformations - Contrast studies, such as an upper GI series - Blood tests to check for infection or dehydration - Evaluation for congenital anomalies or malrotation Early diagnosis is crucial to address potential life-threatening conditions like bowel obstruction or volvulus.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment depends on the underlying cause of bilious vomiting. Common approaches include: - Emergency surgical intervention in cases of bowel obstruction or malrotation - Nasogastric tube placement to decompress the stomach and reduce vomiting - Intravenous fluids to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances - Antibiotics if an infection is suspected - Supportive care to monitor vital signs and nutritional status Long-term management may involve surgery or ongoing medical therapy if congenital anomalies or other structural issues are diagnosed. Prompt intervention is vital to prevent complications such as bowel necrosis or perforation.