I31.1
Chronic constrictive pericarditis
Clinical Classification Guidelines
Inclusion Terms
- Concretio cordis
- Pericardial calcification
Medical Intelligence & Overview
Chronic constrictive pericarditis is a condition where the pericardium, the protective sac surrounding the heart, becomes thickened and scarred. This scarring restricts the normal movement and function of the heart, leading to symptoms related to impaired cardiac filling. The condition may develop gradually over time and is often associated with calcification of the pericardial tissue. It is crucial to understand the causes, symptoms, and available treatments to manage this condition effectively.
Causes & Symptoms
Clinical Causes: Previous episodes of pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium) Pericardial infections, including tuberculosis Radiation therapy to the chest area Trauma or injury to the chest Heart surgery complications Idiopathic causes where no specific reason is identified Pericardial calcification due to long-standing pericarditis
Key Symptoms: Gradual onset of breathlessness, especially during exertion Swelling in the legs and abdomen (edema and ascites) Fatigue and weakness Palpitations or irregular heartbeat Persistent cough or hoarseness Distended neck veins Chest discomfort or fullness Reduced ability to tolerate physical activity
Diagnostic & Treatment
Diagnosis Path: Echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart) to assess pericardial thickness and heart function Chest X-ray to identify pericardial calcification or enlargement Computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detailed visualization of the pericardium Electrocardiogram (ECG) to detect abnormal heart rhythms Hemodynamic studies such as cardiac catheterization to measure pressures inside the heart and confirm constriction
Treatment Protocols: Diuretics to reduce fluid accumulation and ease symptoms Anti-inflammatory medications for active inflammation, if present Pericardiectomy (surgical removal of the thickened pericardium), which is often the definitive treatment Supportive care and addressing underlying causes such as infections or other contributing factors Regular monitoring to assess heart function and manage complications
Clinical Advice & FAQs
Billing Guidance
Is I31.1 a billable ICD-10 code?
Yes, I31.1 is a specific, billable code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes.
Documentation
How do I report I31.1?
Clinical documentation must specify the nature of Chronic constrictive pericarditis and any associated comorbidities for accurate reporting.
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