S90.222

Clinical Causes: Stubbing the toe against a hard object Dropping a heavy item on the toe bumping into furniture or other obstacles Repetitive trauma or sports injuries Accidental stepping on objects such as glass or stones

Key Symptoms: Pain and tenderness in the affected toe Swelling and inflammation around the toe Discoloration or bruising of the toe and nail Tenderness when touching or pressure applied to the toe Possible bleeding under the nail (subungual hematoma) Difficulty moving or walking comfortably

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination where a healthcare provider inspects the toe for signs of bruising, swelling, and nail damage. They may ask about recent injuries and activity history. In some cases, imaging studies like X-rays are performed to rule out broken bones or fractures, especially if severe pain or abnormal positioning is observed. The key focus is on differentiating a simple contusion from more serious injuries.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment for a contusion of the toe with nail damage usually includes: - Rest and elevation of the affected foot to minimize swelling. - Application of ice packs to reduce pain and inflammation. - Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs, to manage discomfort. - Protective footwear or padding to prevent further injury. - Monitoring the nail for signs of infection or worsening discoloration. - In severe cases with subungual hematoma, a healthcare professional might perform a drainage procedure to relieve pressure. - Keeping the area clean to prevent infection, especially if the nail is damaged or has broken skin. - If nail damage is extensive or if signs of infection develop, medical attention may be necessary, including possible nail removal or further intervention. Most contusions resolve with conservative care over a few days to weeks, but persistent pain or worsening symptoms should prompt medical review.