S35.32

Clinical Causes: Blunt abdominal trauma from car accidents, falls, or sports injuries Penetrating injuries like stab or gunshot wounds Surgical complications during splenic or nearby procedures Trauma-related ruptures or tears caused by rapid deceleration injuries

Key Symptoms: Abdominal pain, particularly in the upper left region Tenderness upon pressing the abdomen Swelling or distention in the abdomen Signs of internal bleeding such as dizziness, weakness, or fainting Potential signs of shock including rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and pale skin

Diagnosis Path: Healthcare providers typically use a combination of imaging tests to confirm an injury to the splenic vein. These may include: - **Ultrasound:** To detect fluid accumulation and assess organ damage. - **CT scan (Computed Tomography):** Provides detailed images of abdominal organs and blood vessels, helping to identify the extent of vascular injury. - **Angiography:** An invasive procedure that involves injecting contrast dye into blood vessels to visualize blood flow and pinpoint the injury. Laboratory tests, such as blood counts and checks for signs of bleeding, may also support the diagnosis.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the severity of the injury and the patient's overall condition. Approaches include: - **Conservative management:** Monitoring with bed rest, blood transfusions if necessary, and medication to manage symptoms and prevent complications. - **Surgical intervention:** May be required in cases of ongoing bleeding, damage to the vein, or associated injuries that need repair or removal of the spleen. - **Endovascular procedures:** Minimally invasive techniques such as embolization to control bleeding from the injured vessel. Follow-up care involves close observation to detect any signs of rebleeding or other complications. The choice of treatment is made by the healthcare team based on detailed assessment.