S35.09

Clinical Causes: Blunt trauma from car accidents, falls, or sports injuries Penetrating injuries such as stab or gunshot wounds Impacts during industrial or construction accidents Medical procedures that accidentally damage the aorta Aortic rupture due to severe hypertension or aneurysm rupture

Key Symptoms: Sudden and severe chest or abdominal pain Signs of internal bleeding such as rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and dizziness Sharp, tearing pain in the back or abdomen Signs of shock—pale, clammy skin, confusion, or loss of consciousness Swelling or bruising in the abdomen Weak or absent pulse in the lower limbs

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of an injury to the abdominal aorta typically involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging tests. Healthcare professionals may perform the following: - Ultrasound—initial assessment of blood flow and vessel integrity - Computed Tomography (CT) scan—detailed imaging to detect tears, ruptures, or bleeding - Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)—to visualize vascular injuries with high accuracy - Angiography—specialized X-ray procedure using contrast dye to examine blood flow within the aorta Prompt diagnosis is critical to initiate appropriate management and prevent life-threatening complications.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options for injuries to the abdominal aorta depend on the severity and type of injury. They may include: - Emergency surgery to repair tears, seal ruptures, or replace damaged sections of the vessel - Endovascular procedures—minimally invasive techniques using catheters and stents to reinforce the aorta - Blood transfusions and stabilization measures to address blood loss - Intensive care monitoring to manage vital functions and prevent complications Recovery typically involves hospitalization, follow-up imaging, and possibly long-term medication to manage risk factors. Early intervention is essential for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of fatalities.