S25.122

Clinical Causes: Trauma from fall or accident Penetrating injuries like stab or gunshot wounds Blunt force impacts to the chest or shoulder area Surgical complications involving the chest or upper body Industrial or work-related injuries involving machinery

Key Symptoms: Sudden and severe bleeding from the shoulder or upper chest Rapid swelling or expansion of the injured area Pain or tenderness in the chest, shoulder, or neck Signs of shock, such as pallor, dizziness, or fainting Weakness or numbness in the arm or hand Decreased or absent pulse in the affected limb Difficulty breathing or chest tightness

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing a major artery laceration involves a combination of physical examination and imaging tests. Healthcare providers may perform assessments to check for signs of bleeding, pulse quality, and nerve function. Imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) scans, angiography, or Doppler ultrasound help visualize blood vessel damage, confirm the extent of the injury, and guide treatment planning. In emergency situations, rapid diagnosis is crucial to prevent excessive blood loss and complications.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment for a major laceration of the innominate or subclavian artery typically requires surgical intervention. The main goals are to control bleeding, restore blood flow, and repair the damaged vessel. Procedures may include vascular repair, which involves suturing or grafting the injured artery, or more complex reconstruction in severe cases. Blood transfusions and supportive care may be necessary to manage blood loss and stabilize the patient. Postoperative monitoring and rehabilitation are important for recovery and preventing complications. In some cases, endovascular techniques like stent placement might be considered, depending on the injury's nature and extent.