K90.49

Clinical Causes: Intolerance to carbohydrates, such as lactose intolerance (difficulty digesting milk sugar). Fat intolerance, often related to enzyme deficiencies such as bile salt deficiency or pancreatic insufficiency. Protein intolerance, which might involve specific food sensitivities or immune reactions. Starch intolerance, where the body cannot properly digest complex carbohydrates like those found in certain grains and vegetables. Genetic factors that influence enzyme production involved in nutrient digestion. Underlying gastrointestinal conditions that may exacerbate intolerance symptoms.

Key Symptoms: Chronic diarrhea or loose stools Bloating and abdominal discomfort Nausea and sometimes vomiting Weight loss despite normal or increased food intake Fatigue or weakness Steatorrhea, which is fatty, foul-smelling stools Nutritional deficiencies leading to anemia, osteoporosis, or other health issues Cramping and visible abdominal distension Alternating diarrhea and constipation in some cases

Diagnosis Path: Lactose hydrogen breath test to identify lactose intolerance. Blood tests measuring specific nutrient levels, such as vitamin B12, iron, or fat-soluble vitamins. Stool tests for fat content to detect steatorrhea. Elimination diet trials, where suspected foods are removed and symptoms monitored. Intestinal biopsy in some cases to rule out other causes of malabsorption.

Treatment Protocols: Keeping a food diary to identify and avoid specific food triggers. Replacing restricted nutrients through fortified foods or supplements under medical supervision. Using enzyme supplements, such as lactase for lactose intolerance, to aid digestion. Adopting a balanced diet that emphasizes tolerated foods to maintain nutritional status. Monitoring nutrient levels regularly to prevent deficiencies. Addressing secondary complications like anemia or osteoporosis with appropriate therapies. Consulting with dietitians or nutritionists for personalized dietary plans.