K90.4

Clinical Causes: Food intolerances, such as lactose intolerance, where the body cannot properly digest lactose found in dairy products. Gluten intolerance that doesn't meet the criteria for celiac disease but still results in malabsorption symptoms. Intolerance to certain food additives or chemicals that interfere with nutrient absorption. Enzymatic deficiencies, such as insufficient lactase, pancreatic enzymes, or brush border enzyme activity, impairing digestion and absorption. Secondary intolerance resulting from gastrointestinal infections or surgeries that alter normal digestive processes. Chronic inflammation or immune-mediated reactions targeting the intestines, affecting nutrient absorption.

Key Symptoms: Chronic diarrhea or loose stools Bloating and abdominal discomfort Unexplained weight loss Signs of malnutrition such as fatigue, weakness, or anemia Steatorrhea, which appears as greasy, foul-smelling stools Nutrient deficiencies leading to symptoms like osteoporosis (from calcium deficiency) or anemia (from iron deficiency)

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosing other malabsorption due to intolerance involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. Physicians may recommend dietary assessments to identify potential triggers, stool tests for fat content, blood tests to detect deficiencies or immune responses, and breath tests such as hydrogen breath testing for lactose or other carbohydrate intolerances. In some cases, additional procedures like endoscopy with biopsies may be performed to exclude other gastrointestinal conditions. The goal of diagnosis is to establish whether food intolerance is impairing nutrient absorption and to identify specific triggers.

Treatment Protocols: Management focuses on removing or avoiding foods and substances that cause intolerance. This may include implementing a specialized diet, such as a lactose-free or gluten-free regimen, under guidance from a dietitian. Enzyme replacement therapy could be helpful in some cases. It's also important to address nutritional deficiencies with appropriate supplementation. Regular medical follow-up is essential to monitor nutritional status and adapt dietary plans accordingly. Education about reading food labels and recognizing sources of problematic ingredients can empower patients to manage their condition effectively.