C60.1

Clinical Causes: Chronic inflammation or infections, such as HPV (human papillomavirus) infection Poor personal hygiene leading to persistent irritations Uncircumcised status with inadequate genital hygiene Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals or substances History of other penile or genital cancers Smoking and other lifestyle factors that impair immune response

Key Symptoms: A persistent, painless lump or growth on the glans penis Crusting, ulceration, or bleeding of the lesion Changes in skin color or thickening of the skin on the glans Presence of sores that do not heal Discharge from the tip of the penis Swelling or enlarged lymph nodes in the groin area

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the glans penis typically involves several steps to confirm the presence and extent of cancer: - Physical examination: A healthcare provider will inspect the genital area and check for lesions or abnormalities. - Biopsy: Removal of a small tissue sample from the lesion for microscopic examination to confirm cancer. - Imaging tests: Ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans may be used to determine the size, spread, and presence of metastasis. - Lab tests: Blood tests might be performed to assess overall health and check for tumor markers. - Lymph node assessment: Evaluation of groin lymph nodes for potential spread of cancer.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options are tailored based on the stage and extent of the cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health: - Surgical removal: Partial or total penectomy procedures to excise the tumor. - Radiation therapy: Targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells, often used alone or alongside surgery. - Chemotherapy: Use of anticancer medications to target cancer cells, especially if the disease has spread. - Laser therapy or topical treatments may be considered for very early or superficial lesions. - Follow-up care: Regular monitoring is essential to detect potential recurrences or metastasis early.