P58.5

Clinical Causes: Birth trauma that results in minor bleeding, leading to the ingestion of maternal blood by the newborn Vaginal delivery, especially if there are tears or injuries causing bleeding Birth complications with increased bleeding, such as placental abruption Increased maternal blood loss during delivery that may be ingested by the baby

Key Symptoms: Yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes (icterus) Reduced feeding or poor sucking reflex Lethargy or abnormal sleepiness Dark-colored urine and pale stools in some cases Potential slight swelling or edema in the skin

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional, who will look for signs of jaundice. Blood tests are essential to measure bilirubin levels and determine the cause of jaundice. When jaundice is suspected due to swallowed maternal blood, the diagnosis is based on clinical history, examination, and laboratory findings confirming elevated bilirubin levels consistent with hemolytic processes. Additional tests may include:

Treatment Protocols: Phototherapy: Light therapy helps break down bilirubin in the skin, reducing serum levels. Monitoring bilirubin levels: Regular blood tests to monitor the progression or resolution of jaundice. Adequate feeding: Early and frequent feeding helps promote bilirubin elimination through stool. Hydration and rest: Ensuring the baby is well-hydrated supports natural clearance of bilirubin. In severe cases, exchange transfusion may be considered, though this is rare for this specific condition.