M23.3

Clinical Causes: Age-related degeneration of the meniscus Sudden twisting or turning motions while the knee is bearing weight Trauma from sports injuries or accidents Repeated stress or overuse, especially in athletes or active individuals Previous knee injuries or surgeries that weaken meniscal tissue

Key Symptoms: Knee pain, especially during movement or weight-bearing activities Swelling around the knee joint Stiffness and decreased range of motion A clicking, catching, or locking sensation when moving the knee Tenderness along the joint line Feeling of instability or the knee giving way

Diagnosis Path: To diagnose meniscus derangements, healthcare providers typically perform a physical examination assessing knee tenderness, swelling, and stability. Imaging tests are crucial for confirming the diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the preferred tool, offering detailed images of soft tissues like the meniscus. MRI can detect degenerative changes, tears, detachments, or retained fragments. Sometimes, additional assessments like X-rays are used to rule out other joint issues, but they do not visualize meniscus injuries directly.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options vary depending on the severity and specific nature of the meniscus derangement. Common approaches include: - Conservative Management: Rest, ice application, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief. - Physical Therapy: Strengthening and stabilization exercises aimed at improving knee function. - Injections: Corticosteroid injections may help reduce inflammation and pain. - Surgical Intervention: For more severe cases, procedures such as meniscectomy (removal of the damaged meniscus) or meniscus repair might be recommended. In cases involving detached or retained meniscal fragments, arthroscopic surgery is often performed to remove or reattach torn tissue. Post-treatment rehabilitation focuses on restoring strength, flexibility, and mobility, essential for a full recovery and preventing future issues.