S55.199

Clinical Causes: Trauma from a direct blow or impact, such as during a fall, sports injury, or accident. Penetrating injuries like cuts, stab wounds, or gunshot wounds that reach the radial artery. Iatrogenic injuries resulting from surgical or medical procedures involving the forearm or wrist. Injuries caused by fractures of the forearm bones, particularly when displaced or complex.

Key Symptoms: Pain and tenderness along the forearm and wrist area. Bleeding or hematoma (a collection of blood) at the site of injury. Swelling and bruising around the forearm and wrist. Reduced blood flow to the hand, which may cause numbness, tingling, or a tingling sensation. Paleness or a bluish hue in the fingers indicating compromised circulation. Weak or absent pulse in the radial artery upon physical examination. Possible signs of compartment syndrome, such as severe pain, tightness, and decreased sensation.

Diagnosis Path: Visual assessment for external bleeding, swelling, or deformity. Palpation to check for pulse presence and strength in the radial artery. Doppler ultrasound to evaluate blood flow within the artery. Angiography in more complex cases to visualize arterial injury or blockage. X-rays if a fracture is suspected to determine bone alignment and potential injury cause.

Treatment Protocols: Applying direct pressure to control bleeding. Immobilization of the forearm using splints or bandages to stabilize the area. Surgical repair to ligate, repair, or bypass the damaged artery if necessary. Endovascular procedures such as catheter-based interventions to restore blood flow. Pain management with appropriate medications. Monitoring for signs of compromised circulation or compartment syndrome post-treatment. Rehabilitation, including physical therapy, to restore function and strength.