S35.491

Clinical Causes: Blunt abdominal trauma from car accidents or falls Penetrating injuries such as stab wounds or gunshot wounds Surgical complications during abdominal procedures Sports injuries leading to direct blows to the abdomen Deceleration injuries in vehicular accidents

Key Symptoms: Severe abdominal or flank pain Hematuria (blood in urine) Signs of internal bleeding such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or low blood pressure Swelling or tenderness in the affected area Possible decrease in urine output if kidney function is compromised

Diagnosis Path: Initial evaluation often involves a physical examination to assess pain and signs of bleeding. Imaging studies are central to confirming the injury; these may include: - **Ultrasound:** To detect fluid collection or bleeding - **Computed Tomography (CT) scan:** Often with contrast to visualize the renal artery and identify the injury - **Angiography:** A specialized imaging technique that can pinpoint vascular damage and sometimes facilitate treatment Laboratory tests such as blood counts and urinalysis can also support diagnosis by revealing bleeding or kidney dysfunction.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment of right renal artery injuries depends on the severity and extent of the damage. Approaches include: - **Conservative Management:** Minor injuries without significant bleeding or organ damage may be managed with observation, bed rest, and monitoring. - **Endovascular Procedures:** Minimally invasive techniques like angiographic embolization to control bleeding or restore blood flow. - **Surgical Intervention:** In cases of severe injury, surgery may be necessary to repair or ligate the damaged artery, or to remove a damaged kidney segment. Post-treatment care involves close monitoring of kidney function, blood pressure, and signs of ongoing bleeding or infection. Long-term follow-up is important to assess kidney health and prevent further complications.