N48.3

Clinical Causes: Blood disorders such as sickle cell anemia, leukemia, or other hematologic conditions Medications, especially those used for erectile dysfunction (like sildenafil or tadalafil), antidepressants, or blood pressure drugs Trauma or injury to the genital area or pelvis Neurological conditions affecting nerve control of penile blood flow Cancer involving the pelvic organs or reproductive system Infections or inflammatory conditions affecting the prostate or urethra Repeated episodes of priapism, which may be linked to underlying health issues

Key Symptoms: Prolonged erection lasting more than four hours Erection that is painful or uncomfortable Swelling or hardness in the penis Discoloration or altered sensation in penile tissue Possible discomfort or pain in the groin or lower abdomen In cases linked to blood disorders, symptoms related to those conditions may also be present

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and medical history assessment. Doctors may perform additional tests such as blood work to identify underlying conditions, ultrasound imaging to evaluate blood flow and tissue health, and laboratory tests for blood disorders. These assessments help distinguish priapism from other causes of penile swelling or pain and guide appropriate treatment strategies.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and duration of the priapism. Immediate interventions include procedures to drain excess blood from the penis, medication injections to constrict blood vessels, or treatments aimed at addressing specific underlying health issues like blood disorders. In some cases, surgical intervention might be necessary to restore normal blood flow or prevent tissue damage. Managing pain and preventing recurrent episodes are also important components of care.