E53.0

Clinical Causes: Inadequate dietary intake of foods rich in riboflavin, such as dairy products, meat, eggs, and green vegetables Malabsorption syndromes like celiac disease or Crohn's disease that impair nutrient absorption Chronic alcohol consumption, which can interfere with vitamin absorption and utilization Certain medications such as antimalarials, oral contraceptives, or drugs used for tuberculosis that may affect vitamin B2 metabolism Increased nutritional needs during pregnancy or breastfeeding Prolonged fasting or starvation

Key Symptoms: Sore throat and redness of the lips Cracks or sores at the corners of the mouth (angular stomatitis) Swelling and redness of the tongue (magenta tongue) Sensitivity to light and eye fatigue Skin inflammation and dermatitis Anemia and fatigue Memory problems and weakness Difficulty swallowing

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of riboflavin deficiency is primarily clinical, based on physical symptoms and dietary history. Blood tests may be conducted to measure levels of vitamin B2 or associated cofactors. Additionally, laboratory assessments can rule out other causes of the symptoms. A comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is essential for an accurate diagnosis and to determine if the deficiency is part of a broader B-vitamin deficiency or specific to riboflavin.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment involves correcting the deficiency through dietary modifications and possibly supplementation. Increasing intake of riboflavin-rich foods is the first step, including dairy, lean meats, eggs, green leafy vegetables, and fortified cereals. In cases of severe deficiency or when dietary changes are insufficient, healthcare providers may recommend vitamin B2 supplements. Managing underlying conditions, such as malabsorption or alcohol dependence, is also crucial to prevent recurrence. Monitoring recovery through symptom resolution and, if necessary, blood tests supports effective treatment.