E64.2

Clinical Causes: Inadequate dietary intake of vitamin C from fruits and vegetables Malabsorption syndromes preventing proper absorption of vitamin C Increased physiological needs during pregnancy, lactation, or illness Chronic alcohol use impairing nutrient absorption and utilization Certain medical conditions, such as gastrointestinal surgeries or chronic illnesses Smoking, which decreases vitamin C levels in the body Financial or social factors limiting access to vitamin C-rich foods

Key Symptoms: Persistent fatigue and weakness Bleeding gums and easy bruising Slow wound healing Joint pain and swelling Anemia, leading to pallor and shortness of breath Dry, rough skin and hair changes Frequent infections due to weakened immune response Follicular hyperkeratosis (rough, bumpy skin)

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of sequelae of vitamin C deficiency involves a comprehensive medical history, including dietary habits and any previous deficiency episodes. Physical examination may reveal signs such as bleeding gums or skin changes. Laboratory tests measuring serum vitamin C levels are essential for confirming deficiency. In some cases, additional blood work may be performed to evaluate for anemia or other related nutritional deficiencies. Imaging studies are rarely needed but may be utilized to assess tissue damage if indicated.

Treatment Protocols: Managing sequelae of vitamin C deficiency generally involves addressing the underlying deficiency through vitamin C supplementation, which can be administered orally or via injections, depending on severity. Dietary improvements to include more vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, berries, tomatoes, and leafy greens are essential for long-term health. Supportive treatments may be necessary to manage specific symptoms, such as wound care or medication for joint discomfort. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers ensures monitoring of vitamin C levels and adjustment of treatment plans to prevent further sequelae.