M47.014

Clinical Causes: Spinal trauma or injury that results in compression of the anterior spinal artery Tumors or growths pressing on the artery within the thoracic spine Atherosclerosis leading to narrowing or blockage of the artery Vascular malformations causing abnormal blood vessel formation and compression Infections or inflammatory conditions affecting blood vessels in the spinal region Spinal surgeries or procedures that inadvertently damage or compress the artery Spinal epidural hematomas exerting pressure on the artery

Key Symptoms: Sudden onset of weakness or paralysis affecting the muscles controlled by the thoracic spinal cord Loss of sensation or numbness in the chest, abdomen, or legs Pain localized to the thoracic region of the spine Difficulty with coordination and balance Bowel and bladder dysfunction, such as incontinence or retention Coldness or color changes in the skin over the affected area due to impaired blood flow Muscle stiffness or spasms in the trunk muscles

Diagnosis Path: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic spine to visualize the spinal cord, blood flow, and any compressive lesions Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess blood vessels and identify arterial blockages or malformations Computed tomography (CT) scans to detect structural abnormalities or bleeding Clinical neurological examination to evaluate motor, sensory, and reflex responses Blood tests to identify underlying causes such as infection or inflammation

Treatment Protocols: Emergency interventions to relieve pressure on the spinal cord, such as surgical decompression Medications to reduce inflammation, control pain, and improve blood flow Anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents if blood clotting issues are identified Rehabilitation therapies including physiotherapy to restore strength and function Management of underlying conditions like tumors, infections, or vascular malformations Supportive care for bladder and bowel management