F12.250

Clinical Causes: Prolonged and frequent use of cannabis leading to physical and psychological dependence Genetic predisposition affecting an individual's susceptibility to substance dependence and psychosis Pre-existing mental health disorders that may increase vulnerability to substance-induced psychosis Environmental stressors and social factors such as trauma, peer pressure, or exposure to substances at a young age Early onset of cannabis use, especially during adolescence when the brain is still developing

Key Symptoms: Strong craving or compulsive use of cannabis Persistent feelings of paranoia, hallucinations, or delusional beliefs Disorganized thoughts or speech during psychotic episodes Altered perceptions of reality, including false beliefs about others trying to harm or control them Impairment in social, occupational, or daily functioning due to psychotic symptoms and substance dependence Anxiety, agitation, or suspiciousness associated with psychosis Possible withdrawal symptoms when not using cannabis, such as irritability, difficulty sleeping, or decreased appetite

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive clinical assessment by a mental health professional, including detailed patient history, psychiatric evaluation, and possibly laboratory tests to rule out other causes. The clinician looks for evidence of consistent cannabis use, signs of dependence, and the presence of psychotic features such as delusions. Diagnostic criteria from psychiatric manuals like DSM-5 are used to confirm the psychotic disorder, ensuring an accurate diagnosis that captures both substance dependence and psychotic symptoms.

Treatment Protocols: Pharmacotherapy: Antipsychotic medications may be prescribed to control psychotic symptoms. Medications to manage withdrawal symptoms or reduce cravings might also be used. Psychotherapy: Psychosocial interventions such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can help individuals recognize and modify behaviors related to substance use and address psychotic symptoms. Motivational interviewing: Techniques to enhance motivation to stop cannabis use and engage actively in treatment. Support groups: Participation in community or peer support groups provides ongoing encouragement and reduces feelings of isolation. Addressing underlying issues: Therapy may explore co-occurring mental health conditions, coping strategies, and social factors contributing to substance use. Monitoring: Regular follow-up appointments to track symptom progression, medication effects, and substance use behavior.