K06.3

Clinical Causes: Progressive periodontal disease caused by bacterial infection Poor oral hygiene practices leading to plaque accumulation Genetic predisposition to gum disease Tobacco use, which impairs healing and worsens gum health Chronic systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus Certain medications that impact bone density or gum tissue health Irritation from dental restorations or malpositions of teeth

Key Symptoms: Gum inflammation, redness, and swelling Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing Receding gums exposing more of the tooth or the roots Tooth mobility or looseness Sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods Altered bite due to changes in tooth positioning Persistent bad breath or foul taste in the mouth

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive dental examination, including periodontal probing to measure pocket depths around teeth. Dental radiographs (X-rays) are essential to evaluate the extent of alveolar bone loss. In cases of horizontal type loss, the bone reduction appears as a uniform decrease in height around multiple teeth, visible in radiographic images. Dentists may also assess periodontal disease activity and the severity of bone destruction.

Treatment Protocols: Management of horizontal alveolar bone loss focuses on controlling the underlying periodontal infection and preventing further deterioration. Common treatment approaches include: - Non-surgical periodontal therapy: scaling and root planing to remove plaque and tartar buildup - Improved oral hygiene practices: effective brushing, flossing, and possibly antiseptic mouthwashes - Addressing risk factors: smoking cessation and managing systemic health issues - Surgical intervention: periodontal flap surgery or bone grafting in advanced cases to regenerate lost tissue - Regular periodontal maintenance sessions to monitor and sustain gum health In some cases, restorative procedures might be necessary to replace missing teeth or improve function and aesthetics.