M20.01

Clinical Causes: A direct blow or trauma to the tip of the finger, such as being hit by a ball or other heavy object Sudden force that forces the fingertip downward while the extended finger is resisting Falls or crush injuries involving the fingertips Repetitive stress or overuse, although less common

Key Symptoms: Drooping or dropping of the fingertip Pain at the tip of the finger at the injury site Swelling around the injured area Bruising or discoloration Tenderness to touch Difficulty in straightening the finger at the joint Possible inability to fully extend the fingertip

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of mallet finger typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional. The doctor will inspect the injured finger, observe the droop, and assess the range of movement. X-rays are often performed to determine whether there is a fracture of the distal phalanx (the tip of the finger) or any associated bone injury. Precise diagnosis helps inform the most suitable treatment plan.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment options aim to restore the function of the finger and include conservative and surgical approaches. Common treatments involve: - **Splinting:** Continuous wearing of a splint to keep the fingertip in an extended position, usually for 6 to 8 weeks. Proper splinting is essential for healing. - **Pain management:** Use of over-the-counter pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medications if advised. - **Monitoring:** Regular follow-up to ensure proper healing and splint compliance. - **Surgical intervention:** Considered in cases where there is a fracture involving the joint or when conservative methods fail. Surgery may involve pinning or repairing torn tendons. Recovery times vary depending on the severity of the injury and adherence to treatment. Physical therapy may be recommended post-healing to regain strength and flexibility.