M20.011

Clinical Causes: Sudden trauma or force applied to the tip of the finger, such as a ball hitting the finger backbone during sports. Crushing injuries onto the fingertip. Jam or catch injury causing the extensor tendon to rupture or avulse from the bone. Repetitive trauma or overuse injuries in some cases, though less common.

Key Symptoms: Inability to straighten the fingertip voluntarily. Drooping or flexed tip of the finger, often appearing crooked. Tenderness and swelling at the fingertip. Pain at the site of injury, especially when trying to straighten the finger. Bruising around the affected area. Potential development of a small bony fragment if the tendon pulls off a piece of bone. Difficulty performing tasks requiring finger extension.

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis often involves a clinical examination where the healthcare provider observes the ease of finger movement and looks for deformity. Imaging studies such as X-rays are typically used to confirm the extent of the injury, especially to check for any bone avulsions or fractures. Proper assessment ensures accurate classification of the injury and guides appropriate treatment planning.

Treatment Protocols: Management of mallet finger depends on the severity and whether the injury involves a fracture or just soft tissue. Common treatment options include: - Non-surgical treatments: • Splinting: Immobilizing the fingertip in an extended position using a special finger splint to allow the extensor tendon to heal. • Duration: Typically recommended for 6-8 weeks, often requiring continuous wearing without removal. • Follow-ups to monitor healing and ensure proper splint fit. • Pain management with over-the-counter medications, if necessary. - Surgical treatments: • Considered if there is a fracture with a large bony fragment or if non-surgical treatment fails. • Procedures may involve pinning, fixation, or repair of the tendon. Rehabilitation exercises and careful follow-up are vital to restore full finger function and prevent deformity.