S52.11

Clinical Causes: A fall onto an outstretched hand (common in children and young adolescents) Sports injuries involving direct impact to the wrist Accidental falls during everyday activities Trauma from a sudden force applied to the wrist

Key Symptoms: Pain and tenderness around the wrist Swelling in the affected area Bruising or discoloration around the wrist Difficulty moving or using the wrist Refusal to bear weight or grip properly A visible deformity is usually absent, but tenderness is prominent

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of a torus fracture typically involves a physical examination followed by imaging studies. An X-ray of the wrist provides detailed images that can confirm the presence of a buckling fracture without complete bone breakage. Sometimes, additional imaging like an MRI or CT scan may be employed if the diagnosis is uncertain or to assess the injury's extent. Healthcare providers evaluate symptoms and imaging results collectively to make an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment Protocols: Treatment aims to relieve pain, promote healing, and restore normal function. Since a torus fracture involves the bending of the bone but not complete breaking, conservative management is often sufficient. Typical treatments include: - Splinting or casting to immobilize the wrist and allow the bone to heal properly - Elevation of the limb to reduce swelling - Application of ice packs to decrease pain and swelling - Over-the-counter pain relief medications as recommended by a healthcare provider - Monitoring healing progress through follow-up appointments In most cases, children recover fully within a few weeks without long-term complications. It is important to adhere to medical advice regarding immobilization and activity restrictions. Physical therapy is rarely necessary but may be recommended for restoring full range of motion and strength after removal of the cast.