O14.2

Clinical Causes: The precise cause of HELLP syndrome is unknown, but it is believed to be related to abnormal development of the blood vessels in the placenta. Genetic factors may contribute to susceptibility. Underlying conditions like high blood pressure or pre-eclampsia increase the risk. Immune system responses that affect blood vessel health.

Key Symptoms: Severe headache Pain in the upper right abdomen or across the chest Nausea and vomiting Swelling, especially in the face and hands Visual disturbances such as blurred vision or light sensitivity General malaise or feeling unwell Sudden decrease in urine output

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis involves a combination of blood tests and clinical evaluations. Healthcare providers look for signs of hemolysis, liver enzyme elevation, and low platelet counts through laboratory analysis. Additional assessments may include blood pressure monitoring and fetal well-being examinations to assess the pregnancy's status.

Treatment Protocols: Management of HELLP syndrome typically requires hospitalization. The primary goal is to deliver the baby as early as safely possible, especially if the pregnancy is near term. Supportive treatments may include blood pressure control, corticosteroids to improve fetal lung maturity, and blood transfusions if necessary. Post-delivery, careful monitoring continues to ensure the mother’s recovery. In some cases, medications to prevent seizures associated with pre-eclampsia are administered.