J45.3

Clinical Causes: Genetic predisposition to allergic reactions Exposure to environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, mold, or pet dander Respiratory infections, especially during childhood Exposure to irritants like tobacco smoke, air pollution, or strong fumes Physical activity or exertion, especially in individuals with sensitivities

Key Symptoms: Frequent episodes of coughing, especially at night or early morning Wheezing or a whistling sound when breathing Shortness of breath during physical activity or at rest Chest tightness or discomfort Less severe symptoms than more persistent asthma, but still affecting daily routines

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of mild persistent asthma typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and lung function tests such as spirometry. These tests measure the airflow and help determine the severity and pattern of airway obstruction. Doctors may also ask about triggers, frequency of symptoms, and any history of allergic reactions to identify potential causes and tailor treatment.

Treatment Protocols: Management of mild persistent asthma focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing exacerbations. Common approaches include: - **Inhaled corticosteroids**: These reduce airway inflammation and are usually prescribed daily. - **Long-acting beta-agonists**: Often used alongside corticosteroids to help keep airways open. - **Rescue inhalers (short-acting bronchodilators)**: Used for quick relief during asthma attacks. - **Avoidance of triggers**: Reducing exposure to known allergens and irritants. - **Action plan development**: Working with healthcare providers to create a plan for managing flare-ups and emergencies. Regular check-ups are essential to monitor lung function and adjust treatment plans accordingly.