T74.3

Clinical Causes: Bullying, either in person or online (cyberbullying) Intimidation through social media platforms Threats of physical violence or harm Threats of sexual abuse Manipulative or controlling behavior by an abuser Power imbalance in personal or professional relationships Repeated emotional humiliation or verbal abuse

Key Symptoms: Feelings of fear, helplessness, or anxiety Low self-esteem or self-worth Persistent worry or stress Difficulty trusting others Sleep disturbances or insomnia Depression or feelings of sadness Avoidance of social interactions Physical symptoms like headaches or stomachaches related to stress Decline in academic or occupational performance Emotional numbness or mood swings

Diagnosis Path: Diagnosis of psychological abuse generally involves a thorough clinical assessment, which includes collecting detailed personal history and identifying signs of emotional maltreatment. Healthcare professionals may look for evidence of ongoing threats, intimidation tactics, or repeated emotional harm. Consideration of the individual’s environment, social interactions, and potential disclosures are essential. No laboratory tests can diagnose psychological abuse directly, but psychological assessments or questionnaires may be used to evaluate mental health status related to abuse.

Treatment Protocols: While this overview does not constitute medical advice, treatment for psychological abuse typically encompasses psychological support and counseling. Therapy may focus on trauma processing, building resilience, and developing coping strategies. Support groups or social services could also play a vital role. Safety planning is critical if ongoing threats or violence are present. Interdisciplinary approaches involving mental health professionals, social workers, and legal resources may be necessary to support the individual’s recovery and safety.